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119th Congress Economics and Public Finance

H.R. 6938: Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

Became LawPublic Law 119-74, signed Jan 23, 2026

  1. Introduced (completed)Jan 6, 2026
  2. Passed House (completed)Jan 8, 2026, 397–28
  3. Passed Senate (completed)Jan 15, 2026, 82–15
  4. To the President (completed)Jan 22, 2026
  5. Became law (completed)Jan 23, 2026

Summary

Introduced in House, Jan 6, 2026

This bill provides FY2026 appropriations to several federal departments and agencies for activities and programs related to commerce, law enforcement, science, energy and water development, public lands, and the environment.

Specifically, the bill includes 3 of the 12 regular FY2026 appropriations bills:

  • the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026;
  • the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026; and
  • the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026.
Read the full summary

The departments, agencies, and activities funded in the bill include

  • the Department of Commerce,
  • the Department of Justice,
  • the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
  • the National Science Foundation,
  • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers civil works projects,
  • the Department of Energy,
  • the Department of the Interior,
  • the Environmental Protection Agency,
  • the Forest Service,
  • the Indian Health Service, and
  • several related and independent agencies.

The bill also sets forth requirements and restrictions for using funds provided by this and other appropriations acts.

Written by the Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.

Key votes

House final vote, Jan 8, 2026

On Passage

Passed 397–28

Yea 397majority 213Nay 28

  • Democrats206 yea, 6 nay
  • Republicans190 yea, 22 nay
  • Independents1 yea, 0 nay

Broke with their party: Juan Vargas (D-CA), Rashida Tlaib (D-MI), Thomas Tiffany (R-WI), Keith Self (R-TX), W. Steube (R-FL), Victoria Spartz (R-IN), Chip Roy (R-TX), Brittany Pettersen (D-CO), Scott Perry (R-PA) and Joe Neguse (D-CO) voted Nay; and 18 more

See how all 425 members voted

Showing 431 of 431 members

Yea 397

Republicans (190)

Democrats (206)

Independents (1)

Nay 28

Democrats (6) broke with their party

Not voting 6

Democrats (1)

Senate final vote, Jan 15, 2026

On Passage of the Bill

Passed 82–15

Yea 82majority 49Nay 15

  • Democrats35 yea, 9 nay
  • Republicans46 yea, 5 nay
  • Independents1 yea, 1 nay

Broke with their party: Elizabeth Warren (D-MA), Rick Scott (R-FL), Adam Schiff (D-CA), Bernard Sanders (I-VT), Rand Paul (R-KY), Alejandro Padilla (D-CA), Christopher Murphy (D-CT), Edward Markey (D-MA), Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) and Mike Lee (R-UT) voted Nay; and 5 more

See how all 97 members voted

Showing 100 of 100 members

Yea 82

Independents (1)

Nay 15

Republicans (5) broke with their party

Independents (1) broke with their party

Not voting 3

Republicans (2)

Democrats (1)

Roll calls

6 votes on this bill

Showing 6 of 6 roll calls

  • Jan 15, 2026SenateOn Passage of the BillFinal passagePassed, yea-nay 82–15
    Roll call 11 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats35901
    Republicans46502
    Independents1100
    Total821503

    Senate roll call 11: On Passage of the Bill. Bill Passed.

    15 crossed party lines: 9 Democrats, 5 Republicans, 1 Independent

    How each member voted (100)
  • Jan 15, 2026SenateCloturePassed, yea-nay 85–14
    Roll call 10 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats35901
    Republicans49400
    Independents1100
    Total851401

    Senate roll call 10: On the Cloture Motion. Cloture Motion Agreed to.

    14 crossed party lines: 9 Democrats, 4 Republicans, 1 Independent

    How each member voted (100)
  • Jan 12, 2026SenateCloturePassed, yea-nay 80–13
    Roll call 7 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats35901
    Republicans44306
    Independents1100
    Total801307

    Senate roll call 7: On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed. Cloture on the Motion to Proceed Agreed to.

    13 crossed party lines: 9 Democrats, 3 Republicans, 1 Independent

    How each member voted (100)
  • Jan 8, 2026HouseOn PassageFinal passagePassed, yea-nay 397–28
    Roll call 7 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats206601
    Republicans1902205
    Independents1000
    Total3972806

    House roll call 7: On Passage. Passed.

    28 crossed party lines: 6 Democrats, 22 Republicans

    How each member voted (431)
  • Jan 8, 2026HouseProcedural motionPassed, yea-nay 419–6
    Roll call 6 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats209301
    Republicans209305
    Independents1000
    Total419606

    House roll call 6: On Retaining Divisions B and C. Passed.

    6 crossed party lines: 3 Democrats, 3 Republicans

    How each member voted (431)
  • Jan 8, 2026HouseProcedural motionPassed, yea-nay 375–47
    Roll call 5 tally by party
    PartyYeaNayPresentNot voting
    Democrats204702
    Republicans1704007
    Independents1000
    Total3754709

    House roll call 5: On Retaining Division A. Passed.

    47 crossed party lines: 7 Democrats, 40 Republicans

    How each member voted (431)

Amendments

74 offered

Showing 4 of 74 amendments

Who scored on this bill

1,016 points earned
  1. 1Tom Cole R-OK SponsorIntroduced, passed House, passed Senate, became law4 events+130
  2. 2Alejandro Padilla D-CA3 maverick votes; 8 amendments offered11 events+34
  3. 3Michael Bennet D-CO3 maverick votes; 5 amendments offered8 events+28
  4. 4Marsha Blackburn R-TN13 amendments offered13 events+26
  5. 5Christopher Murphy D-CT3 maverick votes; 3 amendments offered6 events+24
See all scorers and every scoring event

Introductions and cosponsorships count toward weekly caps and show no points.

Other bills by Tom Cole

History

  1. Jan 23, 2026Signed by the President. Became Public Law 119-74.
  2. Jan 22, 2026Presented to the President.
  3. Jan 15, 2026Passed the Senate, 82–15.
  4. Jan 8, 2026Passed the House, 397–28.
  5. Jan 6, 2026Introduced in the House by Tom Cole.
Show the full action history (40 actions)
  1. Jan 23, 2026Signed by President.
  2. Jan 23, 2026Became Public Law No: 119-74.
  3. Jan 22, 2026Presented to President.
  4. Jan 15, 2026Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S227-249)
  5. Jan 15, 2026Cloture on the measure invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 85 - 14. Record Vote Number: 10. (CR S230)
  6. Jan 15, 2026Motion by Senator Thune to commit to Senate Committee on Appropriations with instructions to report back forthwith with the following amendment (SA 4210) fell when cloture on the measure was invoked in Senate.
  7. Jan 15, 2026Passed/agreed to in Senate: Passed Senate without amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 82 - 15. Record Vote Number: 11.
  8. Jan 15, 2026Passed Senate without amendment by Yea-Nay Vote. 82 - 15. Record Vote Number: 11.
  9. Jan 15, 2026Message on Senate action sent to the House.
  10. Jan 14, 2026Considered by Senate. (consideration: CR S185-218)
  11. Jan 13, 2026Motion to proceed to measure considered in Senate.
  12. Jan 13, 2026Motion to proceed to consideration of measure agreed to in Senate by Voice Vote. (consideration: CR S141-143, S157)
  13. Jan 13, 2026Measure laid before Senate by motion.
  14. Jan 13, 2026Motion by Senator Thune to commit to Senate Committee on Appropriations with instructions to report back forthwith with the following amendment (SA 4210) made in Senate.
  15. Jan 13, 2026Cloture motion on the measure presented in Senate.
  16. Jan 12, 2026Motion to proceed to measure considered in Senate. (consideration: CR S121-128)
  17. Jan 12, 2026Cloture on the motion to proceed to the measure invoked in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 80 - 13. Record Vote Number: 7. (CR S128)
  18. Jan 8, 2026UNANIMOUS CONSENT REQUEST - Mr. Cole asked unanimous consent that the question of retaining a portion of the bill on H.R. 6938 may be subject to postponement, as though under clause 8 of rule 20. Agreed to without objection.
  19. Jan 8, 2026Considered under the provisions of rule H. Res. 977. (consideration: CR H151-205)
  20. Jan 8, 2026Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4593, H.R. 5184 and H.R. 6938. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4593, H.R. 5184, and H.R. 6938 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate and provides for one motion to recommit on each bill.
  21. Jan 8, 2026DEBATE - The House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.R. 6938.
  22. Jan 8, 2026The previous question was ordered pursuant to the rule.
  23. Jan 8, 2026Pursuant to section 4(a) of H. Res. 977, the Chair will put the question on retaining Division A of the bill, and then retaining Divisions B and C.
  24. Jan 8, 2026POSTPONED PROCEEDINGS - The Chair put the question on retaining Division A of H.R. 6938 and pursuant to H. Res. 977 the yeas and nays were ordered. The Chair postponed further proceedings until a time to be announced.
  25. Jan 8, 2026Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H209-211)
  26. Jan 8, 2026Mr. Cole moved On Retaining Division A.
  27. Jan 8, 2026On Retaining Division A Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 375 - 47 (Roll no. 5).
  28. Jan 8, 2026Mr. Cole moved On Retaining Divisions B and C.
  29. Jan 8, 2026On Retaining Divisions B and C Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: 419 - 6 (Roll no. 6).
  30. Jan 8, 2026Passed/agreed to in House: On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 397 - 28 (Roll no. 7). (text: CR H151-199)
  31. Jan 8, 2026On passage Passed by the Yeas and Nays: 397 - 28 (Roll no. 7). (text: CR H151-199)
  32. Jan 8, 2026Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.
  33. Jan 8, 2026Received in the Senate. Read the first time. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under Read the First Time. (Legislative Day January 7, 2026).
  34. Jan 8, 2026Read twice. Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 299.
  35. Jan 8, 2026Motion to proceed to consideration of measure made in Senate. (CR S119)
  36. Jan 8, 2026Cloture motion on the motion to proceed to the measure presented in Senate. (CR S119)
  37. Jan 7, 2026Rules Committee Resolution H. Res. 977 Reported to House. Rule provides for consideration of H.R. 4593, H.R. 5184 and H.R. 6938. The resolution provides for consideration of H.R. 4593, H.R. 5184, and H.R. 6938 under a closed rule with one hour of general debate and provides for one motion to recommit on each bill.
  38. Jan 7, 2026Rule H. Res. 977 passed House.
  39. Jan 6, 2026Introduced in House
  40. Jan 6, 2026Referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and in addition to the Committee on the Budget, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.